SunOS man pages : unistd (3)
Headers unistd(3HEAD)
NAME
unistd - header for symbolic constants
SYNOPSIS
#include <unistd.h>
DESCRIPTION
The <unistd.h> header defines the symbolic constants and
structures which are not already defined or declared in some
other header. The contents of this header are shown below.
Version Test Macros
The following symbolic constants are defined (with fixed
values):
_POSIX_VERSION
Integer value indicating version of the POSIX standard
(C language binding). See standards(5).
_POSIX2_VERSION
Integer value indicating version of the POSIX.2 stan-
dard (Commands). _POSIX2_C_VERSION Integer value indi-
cating version of the POSIX.2 standard (C language
binding).
_XOPEN_VERSION
Integer value indicating version of the XPG to which
system conforms.
_XOPEN_XCU_VERSION
Integer value indicating the version of the XCU
specification to which the implementation conforms.
If this constant is not defined, use the sysconf(3C)
function to determine which features are supported.
Mandatory Symbolic Constants
The following symbolic constants are either undefined or
defined with a value other than -1. If a constant is unde-
fined, an application should use the sysconf(3C), pathconf(2)
, or fpathconf(2) functions to determine which
features are present on the system at that time or for the
particular pathname in question.
_POSIX_JOB_CONTROL
Implementation supports job control.
_POSIX_SAVED_IDS
The exec functions (see exec(2)) save the effective
user and group.
_POSIX_THREADS
The implementation supports the threads option.
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_POSIX_THREAD_ATTR_STACKADDR
The implementation supports the thread stack address
attribute option.
_POSIX_THREAD_ATTR_STACKSIZE
The implementation supports the thread stack size
attribute option.
_POSIX_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED
The implementation supports the process-shared syn-
chronization option.
_POSIX_THREAD_SAFE_FUNCTIONS
The implementation supports the thread-safe functions
option.
_XOPEN_XPG3
X/Open Specification, February 1992, System Interfaces
and Headers, Issue 3 (ISBN: 1-872630-37-5, C212); this
specification was formerly X/Open Portability Guide,
Issue 3, Volume 2, January 1989, XSI System Interface
and Headers (ISBN: 0-13-685843-0, XO/XPG/89/003).
_XOPEN_XPG4
X/Open CAE Specification, July 1992, System Interfaces
and Headers, Issue 4 (ISBN: 1-872630-47-2, C202).
_XOPEN_UNIX
X/Open CAE Specification, January 1997, System Inter-
faces and Headers, Issue 5 (ISBN: 1-85912-181-0,
C606).
Constants for Options and Feature Groups
The following symbolic constants are defined to have the
value -1 if the implementation will never provide the
feature, and to have a value other than -1 if the implemen-
tation always provides the feature. If these are undefined,
the sysconf() function can be used to determine whether the
feature is provided for a particular invocation of the
application.
_POSIX2_C_BIND
Implementation supports the C Language Binding option.
_POSIX2_C_DEV
Implementation supports the C Language Development
Utilities option.
_POSIX2_CHAR_TERM
Implementation supports at least one terminal type.
_POSIX2_LOCALEDEF
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Implementation supports the creation of locales by the
localedef(1) utility.
_POSIX2_SW_DEV
Implementation supports the Software Development Util-
ities option.
_POSIX2_UPE
The implementation supports the User Portability Util-
ities option.
_XOPEN_ENH_I18N
The implementation supports the Issue 4, Version 2
Enhanced Internationalization Feature Group.
_XOPEN_LEGACY
The implementation supports the Legacy Feature Group.
_XOPEN_REALTIME
The implementation supports the X/Open Realtime
Feature Group.
_XOPEN_SHM
The implementation supports the Issue 4, Version 2
Shared Memory Feature Group.
_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32
Implementation provides a C-language compilation
environment with 32-bit int, long, pointer and off_t
types.
_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG
Implementation provides a C-language compilation
environment with 32-bit int, long and pointer types
and an off_t type using at least 64 bits.
_XBS5_LP64_OFF64
Implementation provides a C-language compilation
environment with 32-bit int and 64-bit long, pointer
and off_t types.
_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG
Implementation provides a C-language compilation
environment with an int type using at least 32 bits
and long, pointer and off_t types using at least 64
bits.
If _XOPEN_REALTIME is defined to have a value other than -1
then the following symbolic constants will be defined to an
unspecified value to indicate that the features are sup-
ported.
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_POSIX_ASYNCHRONOUS_IO
Implementation supports the Asynchronous Input and
Output option.
_POSIX_MEMLOCK
Implementation supports the Process Memory Locking
option.
_POSIX_MEMLOCK_RANGE
Implementation supports the Range Memory Locking
option.
_POSIX_MESSAGE_PASSING
Implementation supports the Message Passing option.
_POSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING
Implementation supports the Process Scheduling option.
_POSIX_REALTIME_SIGNALS
Implementation supports the Realtime Signals Extension
option.
_POSIX_SEMAPHORES
Implementation supports the Semaphores option.
_POSIX_SHARED_MEMORY_OBJECTS
Implementation supports the Shared Memory Objects
option.
_POSIX_SYNCHRONIZED_IO
Implementation supports the Synchronized Input and
Output option.
_POSIX_TIMERS
Implementation supports the Timers option.
The following symbolic constants are always defined to
unspecified values to indicate that the functionality is
always present on XSI-conformant systems.
_POSIX_FSYNC
Implementation supports the File Synchronisation
option.
_POSIX_MAPPED_FILES
Implementation supports the Memory Mapped Files
option.
_POSIX_MEMORY_PROTECTION
Implementation supports the Memory Protection option.
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Execution-time Symbolic Constants
If any of the following constants are not defined in the
header <unistd.h>, the value varies depending on the file to
which it is applied.
If any of the following constants are defined to have value
-1 in the header <unistd.h>, the implementation will not
provide the option on any file; if any are defined to have a
value other than -1 in the header <unistd.h>, the implemen-
tation will provide the option on all applicable files.
All of the following constants, whether defined in
<unistd.h> or not, may be queried with respect to a specific
file using the pathconf() or fpathconf() functions.
_POSIX_ASYNC_IO
Asynchronous input or output operations may be per-
formed for the associated file.
_POSIX_PRIO_IO
Prioritized input or output operations may be per-
formed for the associated file.
_POSIX_SYNC_IO
Synchronized input or output operations may be per-
formed for the associated file.
Constants for Functions
The following constant is defined:
NULL Null pointer.
The following symbolic constants are defined for the
access(2) function:
R_OK Test for read permission.
W_OK Test for write permission.
X_OK Test for execute (search) permission.
F_OK Test for existence of file. The constants F_OK, R_OK,
W_OK, and X_OK, and the expressions R_OK|W_OK,
R_OK|X_OK, and R_OK|W_OK|X_OK all have distinct
values.
The following symbolic constants are defined for the
lockf(3C) function:
F_ULOCK
Unlock a previously locked region.
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F_LOCK
Lock a region for exclusive use.
F_TLOCK
Test and lock a region for exclusive use.
F_TEST
Test a region for other processes locks.
The following symbolic constants are defined for the
lseek(2) and fcntl(2) functions (they have distinct values):
SEEK_SET
Set file offset to offset.
SEEK_CUR
Set file offset to current plus offset.
SEEK_END
Set file offset to EOF plus offset.
The following symbolic constants are defined for the
confstr(3C) function for both SPARC and IA:
_CS_LFS64_CFLAGS _CS_LFS64_LDFLAGS
_CS_LFS64_LIBS _CS_LFS64_LINTFLAGS
_CS_LFS_CFLAGS _CS_LFS_LDFLAGS
_CS_LFS_LIBS _CS_LFS_LINTFLAGS
_CS_PATH _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_CFLAGS
_CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_LDFLAGS _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_LIBS
_CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32_LINTFLAGS _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_CFLAGS
_CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS _CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_LIBS
_CS_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS
The followwing symbolic constants are defined for the
confstr() function for SPARC only:
_CS_XBS5_LP64_OFF64_CFLAGS _CS_XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LDFLAGS
_CS_XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LIBS _CS_XBS5_LP64_OFF64_LINTFLAGS
_CS_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_CFLAGS _CS_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LDFLAGS
_CS_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LIBS _CS_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG_LINTFLAGS
The following symbolic constants are defined for the
sysconf(3C) function:
_SC_2_C_BIND _SC_2_C_DEV
_SC_2_C_VERSION _SC_2_FORT_DEV
_SC_2_FORT_RUN _SC_2_LOCALEDEF
_SC_2_SW_DEV _SC_2_UPE
_SC_2_VERSION _SC_AIO_LISTIO_MAX
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_SC_AIO_MAX _SC_AIO_PRIO_DELTA_MAX
_SC_ARG_MAX _SC_ASYNCHRONOUS_IO
_SC_ATEXIT_MAX _SC_AVPHYS_PAGES
_SC_BC_BASE_MAX _SC_BC_DIM_MAX
_SC_BC_SCALE_MAX _SC_BC_STRING_MAX
_SC_CHILD_MAX _SC_CLK_TCK
_SC_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX _SC_DELAYTIMER_MAX
_SC_EXPR_NEST_MAX _SC_FSYNC
_SC_GETGR_R_SIZE_MAX _SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX
_SC_IOV_MAX _SC_JOB_CONTROL
_SC_LINE_MAX _SC_LOGIN_NAME_MAX
_SC_LOGNAME_MAX _SC_MAPPED_FILES
_SC_MEMLOCK _SC_MEMLOCK_RANGE
_SC_MEMORY_PROTECTION _SC_MESSAGE_PASSING
_SC_MQ_OPEN_MAX _SC_MQ_PRIO_MAX
_SC_NGROUPS_MAX _SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF
_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN _SC_OPEN_MAX
_SC_PAGESIZE _SC_PAGE_SIZE
_SC_PASS_MAX _SC_PHYS_PAGES
_SC_PRIORITIZED_IO _SC_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING
_SC_REALTIME_SIGNALS _SC_RE_DUP_MAX
_SC_RTSIG_MAX _SC_SAVED_IDS
_SC_SEMAPHORES _SC_SEM_NSEMS_MAX
_SC_SEM_VALUE_MAX _SC_SHARED_MEMORY_OBJECTS
_SC_SIGQUEUE_MAX _SC_STREAM_MAX
_SC_SYNCHRONIZED_IO _SC_THREAD_ATTR_STACKADDR
_SC_THREAD_ATTR_STACKSIZE _SC_THREAD_DESTRUCTOR_ITERATIONS
_SC_THREAD_KEYS_MAX _SC_THREAD_PRIO_INHERIT
_SC_THREAD_PRIO_PROTECT _SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING
_SC_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED _SC_THREADS
_SC_THREAD_SAFE_FUNCTIONS _SC_THREAD_STACK_MIN
_SC_THREAD_THREADS_MAX _SC_TIMER_MAX
_SC_TIMERS _SC_TTY_NAME_MAX
_SC_TZNAME_MAX _SC_VERSION
_SC_XBS5_ILP32_OFF32 _SC_XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG
_SC_XBS5_LP64_OFF64 _SC_XBS5_LPBIG_OFFBIG
_SC_XOPEN_CRYPT _SC_XOPEN_ENH_I18N
_SC_XOPEN_SHM _SC_XOPEN_UNIX
_SC_XOPEN_VERSION _SC_XOPEN_XCU_VERSION
The two constants _SC_PAGESIZE and _SC_PAGE_SIZE may be
defined to have the same value.
The following symbolic constants are defined for the fpathconf(2)
function:
_PC_ASYNC_IO _PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED
_PC_FILESIZEBITS _PC_LINK_MAX
_PC_MAX_CANON _PC_MAX_INPUT
_PC_NAME_MAX _PC_NO_TRUNC
_PC_PATH_MAX _PC_PIPE_BUF
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_PC_PRIO_IO _PC_SYNC_IO
_PC_VDISABLE
The following symbolic constants are defined for file
streams:
STDIN_FILENO
File number (0) of stdin.
STDOUT_FILENO
File number (1) of stout.
STDERR_FILENO
File number (2) of stderr. The following pathnames are
defined:
GF_PATH
Pathname of the group file.
PF_PATH
Pathname of the passwd file.
SEE ALSO
access(2), exec(2), fcntl(2), fpathconf(2), lseek(2),
confstr(3C), lockf(3C), sysconf(3C), termios(3C), group(4),
passwd(4), standards(5), termio(7I)
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