SunOS man pages : pushd (1)
User Commands cd(1)
NAME
cd, chdir, pushd, popd, dirs - change working directory
SYNOPSIS
/usr/bin/cd [ directory ]
sh
cd [ argument ]
chdir [ argument ]
csh
cd [ dir ]
chdir [ dir ]
pushd [ +n | dir ]
popd [ + n ]
dirs [ -l ]
ksh
cd [ arg ]
cd old new
DESCRIPTION
/usr/bin/cd
The cd utility will change the working directory of the
current shell execution environment. When invoked with no
operands, and the HOME environment variable is set to a
non-empty value, the directory named in the HOME environment
variable will become the new working directory.
sh
The Bourne shell built-in cd changes the current directory
to argument. The shell parameter HOME is the default argu-
ment. The shell parameter CDPATH defines the search path
for the directory containing argument. Alternative directory
names are separated by a colon (:). The default path is
<null> (specifying the current directory). Note: The
current directory is specified by a null path name, which
can appear immediately after the equal sign or between the
colon delimiters anywhere else in the path list. If argument
begins with `/', `.', or `.. ', the search path is not used.
Otherwise, each directory in the path is searched for argu-
ment. cd must have execute (search) permission in argument.
Because a new process is created to execute each command, cd
would be ineffective if it were written as a normal command;
therefore, it is recognized by and is internal to the shell.
(See pwd(1), sh(1), and chdir(2)).
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User Commands cd(1)
chdir is just another way to call cd.
csh
If dir is not specified, the C shell built-in cd uses the
value of shell parameter HOME as the new working directory.
If dir specifies a complete path starting with ` / ', ` . ',
or ` .. ', dir becomes the new working directory. If neither
case applies, cd tries to find the designated directory
relative to one of the paths specified by the CDPATH shell
variable. CDPATH
has the same syntax as, and similar semantics to, the PATH
shell variable. cd must have execute (search) permission in
dir. Because a new process is created to execute each com-
mand, cd would be ineffective if it were written as a normal
command; therefore, it is recognized by and is internal to
the C-shell. (See pwd(1), sh(1), and chdir(2)).
chdir changes the shell's working directory to directory
dir. If no argument is given, change to the home directory
of the user. If dir is a relative pathname not found in the
current directory, check for it in those directories listed
in the cdpath variable. If dir is the name of a shell vari-
able whose value starts with a /, change to the directory
named by that value.
pushd will push a directory onto the directory stack. With
no arguments, exchange the top two elements.
+n Rotate the n'th entry to the top of the stack and cd
to it.
dir Push the current working directory onto the stack and
change to dir.
popd pops the directory stack and cd to the new top direc-
tory. The elements of the directory stack are numbered from
0 starting at the top.
+n Discard the n'th entry in the stack.
dirs will print the directory stack, most recent to the
left; the first directory shown is the current directory.
With the -l argument, produce an unabbreviated printout; use
of the ~ notation is suppressed.
ksh
The Korn shell built-in cd command can be in either of two
forms. In the first form it changes the current directory
to arg. If arg is - the directory is changed to the previous
directory. The shell variable HOME is the default arg. The
variable PWD is set to the current directory. The shell
variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory
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User Commands cd(1)
containing arg. Alternative directory names are separated by
a colon (:). The default path is <null> (specifying the
current directory). Note that the current directory is
specified by a null path name, which can appear immediately
after the equal sign or between the colon delimiters any-
where else in the path list. If arg begins with a ` / ', ` .
', or ` .. ', then the search path is not used. Otherwise,
each directory in the path is searched for arg.
The second form of cd substitutes the string new for the
string old in the current directory name, PWD and tries to
change to this new directory.
The cd command may not be executed by rksh. Because a new
process is created to execute each command, cd would be
ineffective if it were written as a normal command; there-
fore, it is recognized by and is internal to the Korn shell.
(See pwd(1), sh(1), and chdir(2)).
OPERANDS
The following operands are supported:
directory
An absolute or relative pathname of the directory that
becomes the new working directory. The interpretation
of a relative pathname by cd depends on the CDPATH
environment variable.
OUTPUT
If a non-empty directory name from CDPATH is used, an abso-
lute pathname of the new working directory will be written
to the standard output as follows:
"%s\n", <new directory>
Otherwise, there will be no output.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
See environ(5) for descriptions of the following environment
variables that affect the execution of cd: LC_CTYPE,
LC_MESSAGES, and NLSPATH.
CDPATH
A colon-separated list of pathnames that refer to
directories. If the directory operand does not
begin with a slash ( / ) character, and the first
component is not dot or dot-dot, cd will search
for directory relative to each directory named in
the CDPATH variable, in the order listed. The new
working directory will be set to the first match-
ing directory found. An empty string in place of
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User Commands cd(1)
a directory pathname represents the current
directory. If CDPATH is not set, it will be
treated as if it were an empty string.
HOME The name of the home directory, used when no
directory operand is specified.
PWD A pathname of the current working directory, set
by cd after it has changed to that directory.
EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned by cd:
0 The directory was successfully changed.
>0 An error occurred.
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri-
butes:
____________________________________________________________
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
| Availability | SUNWcsu |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
SEE ALSO
csh(1), ksh(1), pwd(1), sh(1), chdir(2), attributes(5),
environ(5)
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