Name

chown - change file owner and group

Synopsis

chown [-fhv] [-R [-H | -L | -P]] owner[:group] file ... chown [-fhv] [-R [-H | -L | -P]] :group file ...

Description

The chown utility changes the user ID and/or the group ID of the specified files. Symbolic links named by arguments are silently left unchanged unless -h is used.

The options are as follows:

-H

If the -R option is specified, symbolic links on the command line are followed. (Symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal are not followed.)

-L

If the -R option is specified, all symbolic links are followed.

-P

If the -R option is specified, no symbolic links are followed. This is the default.

-R

Change the user ID and/or the group ID for the file hierarchies rooted in the files instead of just the files themselves.

-f

Don't report any failure to change file owner or group, nor modify the exit status to reflect such failures.

-h

If the file is a symbolic link, change the user ID and/or the group ID of the link itself.

-v

Cause chown to be verbose, showing files as the owner is modified.

The -H, -L and -P options are ignored unless the -R option is specified. In addition, these options override each other and the command's actions are determined by the last one specified.

The owner and group operands are both optional, however, one must be specified. If the group operand is specified, it must be preceded by a colon (``:'') character.

The owner may be either a numeric user ID or a user name. If a user name is also a numeric user ID, the operand is used as a user name. The group may be either a numeric group ID or a group name. If a group name is also a numeric group ID, the operand is used as a group name.

The ownership of a file may only be altered by a super-user for obvious security reasons.

Diagnostics

The chown utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.

Compatibility

Previous versions of the chown utility used the dot (``.'') character to distinguish the group name. This has been changed to be a colon (``:'') character so that user and group names may contain the dot character.

On previous versions of this system, symbolic links did not have owners.

The -v option is non-standard and its use in scripts is not recommended.

See Also

chgrp(1) , find(1) , chown(2) , fts(3) , symlink(7)

Standards

The chown utility is expected to be IEEE Std 1003.2 (``POSIX.2'') compliant.

History

A chown utility appeared in Version 1 AT&T UNIX.

Table of Contents

• Name
• Synopsis
• Description
• Diagnostics
• Compatibility
• See Also
• Standards
• History